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Radu Lacatusu, "Al.I.Cuza"University (Romania)
Anca-Rovena Lacatusu, National Research and Development Insitute for Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Environment (Romania)
Iuliana-Gabriela Breaban, "Al.I.Cuza"University (Romania)
Mihaela Lungu, National Research and Development Institute for Soil Science, Agrochrmistry and Environment (Romania)
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The paper presents dates concerning inorganic pollutants (nitrates and heavy metals) in some urban soils from three large Romanian cities: Bucharest, Iasi and Baia Mare. The soil samples from different location as park areas, along the street areas and garden for vegetable and fruits were collected. The chemical elements proceeded from pollutant varied in a large range, from a low up to excessive pollution level. The investigated urban soils are generally soils carbonates, sometimes with soluble salts and alkaline reaction. Also, are rich in phosphorus and calcium. The soils located along the streets areas with intense cars traffic and/or in influence zones of some industrial objectives with chemical or nonferrous processing activities recorded heavy metals loading (contamination) or pollution.
In these soils the heavy metals concentrations outrun by 3-5 times or more the maximum allowable limits. The Pb, Cd and Zn contents in urban soil of Bucharest are higher than maximum allowable limits (MAL), up to 3.6 times (Pb), 53 per cent (Cd) and 34 per cent (Zn). On an average, the urban soils of Iasi are only loaded with heavy metals, namely: moderately with Co, Cr and Ni; strongly with Cu, and very strongly with Cd, Pb and Zn. In urban soils located in Baia Mare area, an area with a very strong mining and processing industry of nonferrous ores, the total contents of heavy metals are higher as MAL up to 5 times(Cd), 4 times(Cu), 9 times(Zn) and 32 times (Pb). From the total heavy metal content in urban soils from Baia Mare is in mobile form, soluble in soil solution and bound by exchangeable fraction and organic fraction. Thus the plants could be absorbing a high quantity of these chemical elements. In the soils of vegetable gardens from the non central areas and from suburban areas of Bucharest and Baia Mare cities were determined nitrates up to 2-3 times higher than the normal content.
They proceed from higher doses of organic and chemical fertilizers. The chemical analyses of different plant collected from the vegetable garden, especial in the edible part of the vegetables as cucumber, tomatoes, potato, carrots, parsley, bean, peas, dill, onion were determined high quantities of nitrates and heavy metals. Between nitrates in soil and plant and between heavy metals in soil and plant were established significant correlation (r=0,874 and 0,813 respectively).
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